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Table 3 The radiosensitivity level of breast cancer patients, BRCA1/2 mutation carriers and breast cancer patients with radiotherapy complication, using comet assay

From: Molecular contribution of BRCA1 and BRCA2 to genome instability in breast cancer patients: review of radiosensitivity assays

Reference Marker Sample size Cell type Radiation dose Result
Breast cancer
 Lou et al. 2008 [133] Comet assay 1. BC cases (25) Lymphocyte 3-Gy Spontaneous RS
2. Healthy controls (25) X-rays Healthy controls ↔ BC cases
RS after radiation
BC cases > Healthy controls
 Shahidi et al. 2007 [157] Alkaline and Neutral Comet assay 1. BC cases (35) Lymphocyte Alkaline Alkaline & Neutral Comet assay
2. Healthy controls (29) 1 Gy Spontaneous RS
γ-rays BC cases > Healthy controls
Neutral Alkaline & Neutral Comet assay
2 Gy Initial RS
Alkaline & Neutral Comet assay
γ-rays BC cases ↔ Healthy controls
 Djuzenova et al. 2006 [12] Comet assay 1. BC cases (50) PBMC 5 Gy Spontaneous RS
2. Healthy controls (16) X-rays BC cases ↔ Healthy controls
Initial RS
BC cases ↔ Healthy controls
Residue RS
BC cases ↔ Healthy controls
 Zhang et al. 2006 [156] Comet assay 1. Malignant breast tumor (14) PBMC 0.5 Gy Spontaneous RS
2. Benign breast tumor (18) γ-rays Malignant ↔ Benign
Residue RS
Malignant > Benign
BRCA1 mutation
 Kotsopoulos et al. 2007 [13] Comet assay 1. Healthy BRCA1 mutation carriers (25) Lymphocyte 2 Gy Spontaneous RS
2. Non-carrier control (25) γ-rays Healthy BRCA1 mutation carriers ↔ Non-carrier controls
RS after radiation
Healthy BRCA1 mutation carriers ↔ Non-carrier controls
 Trenz et al (2002) [141] Comet assay 1. Healthy BRCA1 mutation carriers (5) Lymphocyte 2 Gy RS after radiation
2. Healthy BRCA2 mutation carriers (3) γ-rays BRCA1 mutation carriers ↔ BRCA2
3. Healthy controls W/O familial history of cancer (6) mutation carriers
BRCA1/2 mutation carriers ↔ Healthy controls
 Rothfus et al. (2000) [142] Comet assay 1. Healthy BRCA1 mutation carriers (12) Lymphocyte 2 Gy RS after radiation
2. Non-carrier subjects from BRCA1 families (10) γ-rays No difference across all groups
3. Healthy controls W/O history of cancer (17)
Radiotherapy complications
 Djuzenova et al. 2006 [12] Comet assay 1. BC cases with ASR (9) PBMC 5 Gy Spontaneous RS
2. BC cases (50) X-rays BC with ASR ↔ Healthy controls
3. Healthy controls (16) BC with ASR ↔ BC cases
RS after radiation
BC with ASR ↔ Healthy controls
BC with ASR ↔ BC cases
 Oppitz et al. 2002 [158] Comet assay 1. BC cases (32) Lymphocyte & Fibroblast Lymphocyte Lymphocyte
A. Lymphocyte (30) 3Gy RS after radiation
B. Fibroblast (26) Fibroblast Elevated acute reactions > Average acute reactions
5Gy Fibroblast
Radiosensitivity after radiation
Elevated acute reactions ↔ Average acute reactions
  1. RS radiosensitivity, BC breast cancer, PBMC peripheral blood mononuclear cell, W/O without, Gr gray
  2. ↔: no significant differences at the radiosensitivity level, >: significant higher level of radiosensitivity
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